煤炭在中国能源消费中的占比在60%~70%。如何高效清洁使用煤炭，提高利用率、减少污染，这是能源专业学者、工程技术人员必然面对的一个大问题。 本书是有关煤炭使用，特别是有关煤炭的清洁燃烧、污染排放控制、二氧化碳捕集与处理、煤与生物质燃烧的专门性学术会议论文集，可以说反映了当今煤燃烧领域的**学术水准。本书的内容包括：洁净煤技术的基础研究、煤清洁燃烧技术、燃煤污染与超低排放控制技术、循环流化床燃烧技术、二氧化碳捕集与处理技术、煤与生物质混合燃烧技术、煤洁净燃烧的工业应用等。

本书反映了洁净煤技术的最新研究进展，汇集了当前国内外最新研究和应用成果，涉及全球主要用煤国家和地区的技术发展现状和未来方向、洁净煤技术及超低排放，煤与生物质混烧等重要内容。

The International Symposium on Coal Combustion (ISCC), initiated in 1987 by Tsinghua University, has now evolved into a unique and in.uential series of forums every four years, which concentrates on the clean, ef.cient, .exible, low-carbon, and intelligent technologies for solid fuel-based energy.
The most recent 9th Symposium was successfully held at Qingdao, China in July 2124, 2019, as co-hosted by the Institute of Thermal Engineering of Tsinghua University, and Shandong University of Science andTechnology (local organizer). The renewed International Advisory Committee now consists of 59 distinguished experts from 15 countries (27 Chinese and 32 International).
The 9th ISCC receives a record-breaking number of full-paper submissions covering the latest research and development on the solid fuel-based energy tech-nology. The colloquium chairs and reviewers dedicate themselves to a high-quality, two-round review procedure. In this symposium, 148 oral presentations and 122 posterswere selected.Invitedtalks include11plenaryand6keynote lectures.Among them about .fty prominent papers werefurther submittedtospecial issuesof Fuel and Frontiers in Energy.
More than 260 delegates attended the symposium from 16 countries including Australia, China, Germany, India, Japan, Portugal, Russia, SouthKorea, UK, USA, Vietnam, etc. Five best paper awards were delivered for the .rst time to promote youth scholars for the ISCC. A lasting aim of the symposium is to establish and strengthen international bridges between universities, research institutes and the industry community. The 9th ISCC has seen more collaborative contributions, and launchednovelsessionsofpanel discussionson international projects, encompassing Sino-US and Sino-Europe collaboration.
The proceedings of the 9th ISCC collect5invited speeches and83 technical papers that are presented in oral or in poster.Papers are divided into6following sections including the number of papers.

Basic Coal Quality&Combustion/14

Pulverized Coal Combustion/15

Fluidized Bed Combustion/11

Low Carbon Energy/6

VI Preface

Emissions Control/23

Design and Operating Experiences/14

The proceedings can serve as a reference, and hopefully inspire new ideas for scientists, engineers, graduate students, equipment manufactures and operators, as well as technical managers who are working on the broad .eld of solid fuel-based energy technologies.
We would like to acknowledge our members of the International Advisory Committee who devoted their time and energy to review the manuscripts, and to express our appreciation to Dr. Qiang Li of Tsinghua University Press for his efforts in publishing the proceedings.
Beijing, China Prof. JunfuLyu Prof. Shuiqing Li

吕俊复，清华大学能源与动力工程系教授，主要研究循环流化床燃烧理论与技术、生物质燃烧、煤粉燃烧与气化、燃烧过程中污染物控制和气液两相流与水动力。组织、主持、承担国家八五、九五、十五、十一五、十二五科技攻关/科技支撑项目、国家自然科学基金、863、973计划的科研项目二十余项，国内企事业委托科研项目四十余项、国际合作科技项目二十余项。在国内外期刊或学术会议发表文章400余篇，其中Sci收录50余篇、Ei收录200余篇，主编或参编专著5部，发明专利40余项。成果获国家科技进步一等奖。

Part I Invited Talks
1 Advances in Two-Fluid LES of Two-Phase Combustion LXZhou 3
2 Flexible Operation of High Efciency Coal Power Plants to Ensure Grid Stability When Intermittent Renewables Are Included AndrewMinchener 19
3 Advances in Modeling Coal Pyrolysis, Char Combustion, and Soot Formation from Coal and Biomass Tar ThomasHFletcher, DavidOLignell, AlexJosephson, AndrewRichards,andTroyHolland 29
4 The Change in Bed Materials Size Distribution and Its Effect on CFB Boiler Operation GARyabovandOMFolomeev 39
5 Insights of MILD Combustion from High-Fidelity Simulations HangZhou,JoshMcConnell,TerryARing,andJamesCSutherland 59
Part II Basic Coal Quality and Combustion
6 Study on Alkali Metal Migration Characteristics in the Pyrolysis of Naomaohu Coal in CO Atmosphere PeipeiGao,JunjieFan,andZhiyuanRen 85
7 Precipitation Characteristics of Alkali/Alkaline Earth Metal in High Alkali Coal HangShi,YuxinWu,JunfuLyu,ManZhang,andHaiZhang 97

VIII Contents
8 Experimental Study on Removal of Low Concentration Coal Tar in Syngas by Mg-Ca Composite Catalyst Liang Wenzheng, Yan Hao, Li Yanhui, Cui Weiwei, Cong Xiaochun, and Wang Cuiping 107
9 Experimental Investigation on Sodium Migration and Mineral Transformation in Ash Deposit During Gasication of Zhundong Coal Using a Drop Tube Furnace Chengchang Liu, Changan Wang, Chaowei Wang, Yongbo Du, Guantao Tang, Guangyu Li, and Defu Che 117
10 Study on Characteristics and Inuencing Factors of Coal-Water Slurry Pyrolysis Fan Feng, Boyang Li, Juan Yu, Yao Zhang, Chen Lin, and Zhongxiao Zhang 125
11 Soot Formation in High-Temperature Pyrolysis of Various Coals 137
Shengjie Bai, Yongbing Wang, Gaofeng Dai, Peng Li, and Xuebin Wang
12 Effect of Microstructures on Char Combustion Reactivity Jingyuan Li, Lele Feng, Yiqun Huang, Yang Zhang, Lyu Junfu, and Man Zhang 147
13 Effect of K2CO3 Addition on CO2 Gasication Characteristics and Ash Sintering Behaviour of a Chinese Lignite at Different Temperatures and Pressures as Examined Using a High-Pressure Thermogravimetric Analyser Jianbo Li, Zhezi Zhang, Jian Hao, Jiguang Zhang, Mingming Zhu, and Dongke Zhang 159
14 Ash Deposition and Slagging Behavior of Xinjiang High-Alkali Coal in a 20MWth Cyclone Combustion Test Facility Xiaojiang Wu, Yigong Zhou, Yezhu Sun, Zhongxiao Zhang, Mingqiang Li, Xiang Zhang, Kai Yan, Yuehua Li, Nan Chen, and Xinglei Hu 179
15 Release Characteristics of Alkali Metals
in Oxygen-Enriched Combustion of a Single Char Particle with Random Pore Model 189
Sibo Qu, Haiming Wang, and Changfu You
16 Experimental Study on the Inuence of Slagging and Fouling for Wall Temperature Distribution Deli Li, Enlu Wang, Jinda Mao, Wei Wu, Kai Li, and Qi Wang 205

Contents IX
17 Numerical Investigation of Fly Ash Deposition onto Tube Bundles Inside Coal-Fired Boilers Yipeng Li, Qian Huang, Lu Duan, and Shuiqing Li 227
18 Effect of Refractory Lining Thickness on Slag Layer Behavior in Cyclone Barrel Chunli Tang, Yueyi Hu, Tao Zhu, Limin Wang, Yanhua Liu, and Defu Che 237
19 Characteristics of Alkali Metal Migration and Transformation During Pyrolysis of Naomaohu Coal Junjie Fan, Jiaxiao Deng, Zhiyuan Ren, and Jianli Wang 251
Part III Pulverized Coal Combustion
20 Numerical Investigation on Combustion Characteristics and NOx Emission of Double-Reheat Tower Boiler at Different Loads Yan Zhang, Shihao Ma, Jin Guo, Yuesheng Li, Zhengrong Zhu, Jiaqi He, Lei Deng, and Defu Che 265
21 Numerical Study on Inuence of Platen Super-Heaters on Heat Deviation in a 600 MW Tangentially Fired Pulverized-Coal Boiler Kai Chen, Yan Zhang, Lei Deng, and Defu Che 279
22 Industrial Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on the Combustion and NOx Formation Characteristics in a 600MWe Utility Boiler with a Novel Swirl Burner Burning Bituminous Coal Tao Shen, Zhengqi Li, Pisi Lu, Qiang Yu, Xin Song, and Jingyu guan 293
23 Distribution of Temperature and Characteristics of Soot Volume Fraction in MILD-OCC Flame Jingwen Lu, Shuwei Zhang, Longhui Tan, and Jianyi Lu 317
24 Experimental Investigation of Methane Assisted Pulverized Coal Flames Using an Optical Accessible Combustion Chamber C Axt, D Zabrodiec, S Pielsticker, T Kreitzberg, O Hatzfeld, and R Kneer 327
25 Ignition Characteristics of Coal/Air Jets from Rectangular Nozzles Lilin Hu, Pengyuan Liu, Yang Zhang, Lele Feng, Yuxin Wu, Junfu Lyu, and Hai Zhang 339

Contents
26 Numerical Simulation on Pulverized Coal Combustion Chamber with Air Cooling Yongying Wang, Naiji Wang, and Shi Yang 355
27 Effect of Inner/Outer Secondary Air Mass Flow Rate on the Airow Characteristics of the 14-MW Double Cone Burner 363
Nan Jia, Fang Niu, Pengzhong Liu, Pengtao Wang, and Jianming Zhou
28 Theoretical Analyses on Isolated Particle Ignition of Coal and Biomass 373
Ye Yuan, Hongpei Gao, Zhenghai Shi, Xianbin Sun, Ping Xiao, Shisen Xu, and Shuiqing Li
29 Numerical Simulation on Combustion Characteristics of Co-Firing Biomass Syngas and Coal in a 660 MW Utility Tower Boiler 385
Shihao Ma, Yan Zhang, Zhengrong Zhu, Lei Deng, and Defu Che
30 Deactivation of V2O5WO3TiO2 SCR Catalyst by HF During Co-Firing Electrolytic Aluminum Waste with Coal Zhengrong Zhu, Shihao Ma, Yikun Wang, Yan Zhang, Yuxiao Qiu, Lei Deng, and Defu Che 397
31 Numerical Study on Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristics of Co-Firing Semi-Coke and Coal in a Tangentially-Fired Utility Boiler Qinqin Feng, Changan Wang, Pengqian Wang, Zhichao Wang, Wei Yao, Lei Zhao, Yongbo Du, and Defu Che 411
32 Investigation on NOx Formation Characteristics During Semi-coke Air-Staged Combustion Hui Li, Naiji Wang, Shi Yang, Xin Zhang, Yuhong Cui, and Jianming Zhou 423
33 Numerical Investigation on Combustion Stability of Coal Slurry in the Double Cone Burner Mo RiGen, Yang Shi, and Liu JianHang 435
34 Experimental Study of NOx Emission and Char Characteristics 449
Jialun Wang, Dongfang Wang, Mingming Wang, Mingyan Gu, and Yuyu Lin
Part IV Fluidized Bed Combustion
35 Study on Penetrability of Central Secondary Air Jet in CFB and Its Inuences on Fluidization Characteristics 467
Chen Lin, Juan Yu, Yao Zhang, Fan Feng, and Zhong-xiao Zhang

Contents XI
36 The Fundamental Studies on Combustion of Sintering Flue Gas in Circulating Fluidized Bed Xin Tao, Lujian Chen, Yiqun Huang, Runxia Cai, Hairui Yang, Shouyu Zhang, and Junfu Lyu 477
37 Emission Characteristic of NOx in CFB Boiler at Low Load Lujian Chen, Xin Tao, Shouyu Zhang, Hairui Yang, and Junfu Lyu 489
38 A Method to Measure the Solid Circulation Rate in CFB Boilers 499
Yangxin Zhang, Lu Cheng, Yang Zhang, Baoguo Fan, Hai Zhang, and Junfu Lyu
39 Reliability Analysis of 100 MW and Above Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Units in China in 2017 513
Xia Zhou, Jianfeng Li, Yuge Yao, Shujie Chen, Hong Zhou, Qing Liu, and Geng Chen
40 Development of Advanced Ultra Super Critical Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology by DongFang Boiler Nie Li, Gong Liming, Xue Dayong, Lu Jiayi, Wei Lixiao, and Huang Min 523
41 Cold-Experimental Study About Pressure Resistance of CFB Wind Caps Boheng Tong, Hongyu Zeng, Qingfeng Zhang, and Junfu Lyu 537
42 Progress and Main Technical Characteristics of Ultra-supercritical Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Shengwei Xin, Yingping Li, Peng Zhang, Changhua Hu, Man Zhang, and Hu Wang 547
43 Experimental Study on Peaking Performance of 145 MW Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Unit with Retrotting for Low-Vacuum Heat Supply Xuhui Zhang, Zhonghua Zhao, Gui Long Xiong, Fuxing Cui, Xinguang Dong, Qingchuan Zhao, Ke Liu, Haichao Wang, and Jinglong Liu 561
44 The Technology and Application of a New Type of Coal Water Slurry-Fired CFB with High Efciency and Clean Combustion 571
Yuping Hao, Ruiguo Li, and Yujiao Chen
45 Study on Pollutants Control of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Burning Low Caloric Value Coal Wanzhu Wu, Ruixin Li, Hu Wang, and Congyang Gu 583

XII Contents Contents XIII
Part V Low Carbon Energy
46 CO2 Adsorption Performance of Na/K-Impregnated MgO Jie Zou, Ning Ding, and Cong Luo 597
47 Comprehensive Analyses on Activation Agents of Amines and Nanoparticles for TETA-Based CO2 Capture Absorbents 607
Jiang Yanchi, Zhang Zhongxiao, Yu Juan, Zhao Ziqi, Fan Junjie, Li Boyang, Jia Mengchuan, and Mu Aiwei
48 Experimental Study on Carbon Capture Performance of Polyimide Hollow Fiber Membrane in Post-combustion Process 621
Liu Yang, Yanchi Jiang, Juan Yu, Ziqi Zhao, Mengchuan Jia, and Aiwei Mu
49 Simulation Study on Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas in Coal-Fired Power Plant by Membrane Method Boyang Li, Juan Yu, Fan Feng, Zhongxiao Zhang, and Xinwei Guo 633
50 Experimental Study on Slagging and Fouling Behaviors During Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Zhundong Coal Using a Drop Tube Furnace Lei Zhao, Changan Wang, Yueyi Hu, Ruijin Sun, Guantao Tang, Jin Guo, Zhiming Jiang, Yongbo Du, and Defu Che 643
51 Thermodynamic Study on the Utility Oxy-Fuel Boiler with Different Oxygen Volume Fractions Kai Li, Enlu Wang, Deli Li, Lifen Wang, Naveed Husnain, and Qi Wang 655
Part VI Emissions Control
52 Formation of SO3 in Flue Gas Under SNCR Conditions Kang Wang, Wenfeng Shen, Yang Zhang, Yu Peng, Hai Zhang, Hairui Yang, and Junfu Lyu 687
53 The Effect of Oxygen-Coal Equivalent Ratio on the Rapid Preparation of Powdered Activated Coke in Low Oxygen Atmosphere Binxuan Zhou, Yuan Zhao, Cheng Li, Tao Wang, Ping Zhou, Zhanlong Song, and Chunyuan Ma 701
54 Experimental Study on Synergistic Dust Removal of Desulfurization Tower of Coal-Fired Thermal Power Unit 717
Shen Zhen, Meng Lei, and Lyu Junfu

55 Analysis of Desulphurization Process in Circulating
Fluidized Bed Boiler by Calcium and Sulfur Conservation Zhang Xin, Wa Naijin, Yang Shi, and Li Ting 729
56 Simulation Investigation on NOx Emission Characteristics and Mechanisms During Co-combustion of Fossil Fuels with Different Fuel-Nitrogen Distributions via CHEMKIN Chaowei Wang, Changan Wang, Lin Zhao, Maobo Yuan, Pengqian Wang, Yongbo Du, and Defu Che 739
57 Experimental Study on Combustion of Pulverized Char Preheated by a Circulating Fluidized Bed F Pan, J G Zhu, J Z Liu, Y Zhang, and S J Zhu 751
58 Experimental Study on Optimal Adjustment of SCR Ammonia Injection for 1000 MW Coal-Fired Unit Based on Multi-eld Cooperative Diagnosis Jinglong Liu, Fanjun Hou, Limeng Zhang, Chuanjun Duan, Haojie Liu, Xudong Zhang, Zhihong Hu, and Xingsen Yang 763
59 Effects of High Temperature on NH3/NO Reactions in the Absence of Oxygen Zhixiang Zhu, Degui Bi, Juan Yu, Zhongxiao Zhang, and Chen Lin 779
60 Study on Kinetic Model of NOx Reduction Overall Reaction of Fluidized-Bed Flue Gas 791
Yao Zhang, Chen Lin, Juan Yu, Jindong Jiang, Fan Feng, and Zhongxiao Zhang
61 The Mechanisms and Applications of NOx Reduction by Low-NOx Burner Coupling Deep Air-Staging Technology in Pulverized Coal Xiaolei Cheng, Naiji Wang, Xin Zhang, Yongying Wang, and Long Chen 799
62 Experimental Research on NOx Emission Characteristics Based on Combined Removal Technology of Multi-pollutant with Ash Calcium Recycling Ting Li, Naji Wang, and Shi Yang 815
63 Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3 Using Coal Ash Catalyst Shagufta Fareed, Enlu Wang, Naveed Husnain, Kai Li, and Deli Li 827
64 Effects of Different Precipitants on the DeNO Efciency of the Fe2O3 Catalyst Synthesized by Co-precipitation Method 839
Naveed Husnain, Enlu Wang, Shagufta Fareed, Kai Li, Deli Li, and Qi Wang

XIV Contents
65 In Situ Visual Monitoring of Rotary Air Preheater Blockage: Setup and Image Analysis Cheng Li, Qian Huang, Guanqing Liu, Xiao Sha, and Shuiqing Li 853
66 Effect of Chemical Composition on Adsorption and Agglomeration Characteristics of Ash Particles After Sulfuric Acid Adsorption Jiahao Jiang, Yu Yan, Jin Guo, Yuesheng Li, Lei Deng, and Defu Che 863
67 Characteristics of Hg0 Re-emission Caused by Sulte in a Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization System Jialing Xu, Jingjing Bao, Jiguo Tang, Min Du, Zhengyu Mo, and Licheng Sun 875
68 Study of the Concentration of Mercury in Coal Used in Combustion, in an Area of Boyacá, Colombia, South America 891
Sonia Guerra L, Manuel Romero, and Daniel Ballen
69 An Experimental Study on Ash Deposition Problem of Low-Low Temperature Flue Gas System Yu Yan, Jiahao Jiang, Jin Guo, Yuesheng Li, Lei Deng, and Defu Che 897
70 Condensation Characteristic of Sulfuric Acid Vapor on Low-Temperature Surface of Tube Heat Exchanger Ke Sun, Yu Yan, Fangfang Hu, Lei Deng, and Defu Che 911
71 Partitioning Behavior of Arsenic in an Ultra-Supercritical Coal-Fired Power Plant Equipped with APCDs for Ultra-Low Emission 929
Zhipeng Shi, Zhijun Huang, Wei Hua, and Lunbo Duan
72 A New Scheme for Synergetic Removal of NH3 and SO3 and Particulate Matter in the Flue Gas of Coal-Fired Boiler 945
Limin Wang, Dechao Li, Yan Yu, Chunli Tang, Lei Deng, and Defu Che
73 A Population Balance Model for Fine Particle Removal Inside the Electrostatic Precipitator Lu Duan, Qian Huang, and Shuiqing Li 955
74 Effect of Calcination Atmosphere on High Temperature H2S Removal of MnxOy/Al2O3 Sorbent in Synthesis Gas Li Haifeng, Su Sheng, Liu Lijun, Xu Kai, Hu Song, Wang Yi, and Xiang Jun 963

Part VII Design and Operating Experiences
75 A Dataset Analysis of Particular Matter Removal Techniques in Chinas Coal-Fired Power Plant977 Xiaoyu Li,Yu Ni, and Hui Long
Contents XV

76 Dynamic Characteristics of a Boiler with Low-NOX
Combustion 985
Jinjing Li, Lin Yang, Shi Yang, Zhenning Zhao, Yuanyuan Li, and Qingfeng Zhang
77 Study on Modeling and Control Strategy for Combustion Optimization of Pulverized Coal Boiler Miao Liu, Gengda Li, Xin Wang, and Baowei Chen 999
78 Characteristics of RB Control Loop of Large Lignite Power Plant Boiler and Analysis and Comparison Y Zhang, L Cheng, Q Zhang, Z Zhao, and M Gao 1015
79 Power Plant Boiler Operation Optimization System Based on CO Control 1025
Y P Sun, H J Cao, Q F Zhang, and C Y Liu
80 Technical Measures in Design and Operation of the 1000 MW Supercritical Boiler Burning High-Slagging-Propensity Coal Zhou Lyu, Qian Huang, Yuanping Yang, and Shuiqing Li 1035
81 The Synergistic Performance of Heat and Electricity Studied from the Heating Demand Side and the Supply Side Pan Zhang, Weiliang Wang, and Junfu Lyu 1045
82 Effect of Recirculated Flue Gas on 660 MW Double
Reheated Boiler 1057
H Xiao, Y X Wu, L L Feng, C W Meng, H Zhang, M Zhang, and Z Chai
83 Furnace Outlet Temperature Prediction Model of a 350 MW Ultra-Supercritical Boiler Tianyu Zhang and Zhenning Zhao 1069
84 Study on the Stability of High Pressure Pneumatic Transport of the Mixture of Pulverized Coal and Extraction Residue of Direct Coal Liquefaction Residue B Z Peng, X H Fang, H Q An, Z Liu, Y Li, and Z Y Feng 1075
85 Experimental Study of the Flat-Flame Pulverized Coal Gasication Technology H Q An, Z Liu, X H Fang, Z Y Feng, B Z Peng, Y Li, and W H Li 1085
86 Research on Evaluation of Pulverized Coal Flow Stability in Dilute Phase Pneumatic Conveying Based on Pressure Fluctuation of Resistance Components Yang Shi 1097

XVI Contents
87 Research on Dense Phase Pneumatic Conveying of the Mixture of Pulverized Coal and Extract Residue
of Coal Liquefaction Residue at High Pressure X H Fang, Z Liu, H Q An, Z Y Feng, B Z Peng, Y Li, and Y G Wang 1107
88 The Process of Self-heating Sludge Incineration Based on Granular Heat Carrier 1119
Kong Hao, Miao Miao, Yang Hairui, Zhang Xuyi, and Zhang Man